Urology refers to the vast field of medical treatments that are related to the urinary tract, of both men and women, along with the male reproductive system. It is also called genitourinary surgery. Urinary bladder, urethra, adrenal glands, kidneys, ureters, and also several male reproductive organs such as vas deferens, prostate, testes, seminal vesicles, penis, and epididymis all belong to urology. The reproductive and urinary tracts are closely interlinked and if one suffers, the other will also suffer from it.

Urology has many times combined the management of surgical conditions such as congenital abnormalities, stress incontinence, traumatic injuries, and many more with the management of non-surgical or medical conditions like benign prostatic hyperplasia and urinary tract Infections. Urology is also associated with:

1. Oncology
2. Nephrology
3. Pediatric surgery
4. Andrology
5. Endocrinology
6. Gynaecology
7. Colorectal surgery, and
8. Gastroenterology

Urologists are trained physicians who deal with the surgeries of several diseases in the urinary region. The numerous conditions that are treated by urologists include;

For Men:

1. Kidney diseases
2. Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)
3. Infertility
4. Enlargement of the veins in the scrotum also called varicoceles
5. Prostatitis
6. Kidney Stones
7. Erectile dysfunction or the problem keeping an erection
8. Interstitial cystitis, also known as the painful bladder syndrome
9. Cancer of the penis, testicles, prostate and adrenal glands, kidneys and bladder

For Women:

1. Urinary incontinence
2. UTIs
3. Overactive bladder
4. Bladder prolapse, which is also known as the dropping of the bladder into vaginal
5. Kidney stones
6. Interstitial cystitis
7. Cancer of the kidneys, adrenal glands, and bladder

For Children:

1. Undescended testicles
2. Bed-wetting
3. Blockage or any other issues with the urinary tract structure